RFID Anti-Kunyenga mu 2026: Procurement Guide for Commodities

 

Zomwe RFID Anti-Iyenera Kuchitadi

 

Malo ambiri ogulitsa amagwetsa dongosolo mpaka gawo limodzi: tag. Limenelo ndi vuto. Kutumiza kwa rfid anti{2}}kwachinyengo kumakhala m'magulu atatu nthawi imodzi, ndipo kufooka pamtundu uliwonse kumasokoneza chinthu chonsecho.

 

Chosanjikiza chakuthupi ndi chip, mlongoti, ndi gawo lapansi. Kumeneku ndi komwe kumakhala chizindikiritso chapadera, komwe kumasokoneza-mawonekedwe owoneka bwino kapena osagwira ntchito, komanso komwe mungasankhe ngati zilembo zitha kuchotsedwa ndi kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pazabodza. Njira yolumikizirana ndi frequency band ndi air-interface protocol (UHF EPC Gen2v2, HF ISO/IEC 14443 kapena 15693, NFC NDEF), kuphatikiza kutsimikizika kulikonse kwachinsinsi komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi lamulo lowerenga. Chosanjikiza chakumbuyo ndi nkhokwe, njira yosankha blockchain kapena ntchito yotsimikizira mitambo, ndi ma analytics omwe amasintha kuchuluka kwa zowerengera kukhala chigamulo chenicheni.

 

Nkhani zambiri zomwe zimabwera mukasaka mutuwu zimayang'ana kwambiri pagawo loyamba ndikunyalanyaza magawo awiri ndi atatu. Apa ndipamene rfid anti{1}}kutumiza zinthu zabodza kumakanika m'munda, komanso komwe ndalama zogulira zinthu zimaonongeka mochedwa ndi ntchitoyo.

 

Kusankha pafupipafupi: UHF, HF, NFC, kapena Chipless

 

Gulu lirilonse limagwira ntchito yosiyana ndi rfid anti{0}}yachinyengo, ndipo kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito yolakwika pazochitika zanu ndiko kulakwitsa kofala kwambiri komwe timawona.

 

Kuwerengera kwa UHF ndi kuchuluka kwachuma patebulo kumagwirizana ndi zomwe zalembedwa ndi Auburn University RFID Lab (Auburn University RFID Lab).

Kaimidwe kathu: pazinthu zambiri (zovala, zamagetsi zogulira, zopaka zodzikongoletsera, zida zamagalimoto, -vinyo wapagulu, OTC pharma), tag ya UHF yogwiritsa ntchito chip Gen2v2 chip ndiye chisankho choyenera pagawo-chanichi. NFC imakhala yothandiza ngati mukufunanso ogula kuti atsimikizire ndi mafoni awo pogulitsa. Kusankha NFC yokha chifukwa "ogula akhoza kuyiwona" ndi momwe ntchito zotetezera mtundu-zimakhala zosawoneka pamwamba pa mtsinje, chifukwa palibe wogwira ntchito yosungiramo katundu yemwe angatenge foni yamakono pabokosi lililonse la pallet.

 

Chipless RFID imangokwanira pomwe-siginecha yodziwika bwino yomwe ikufunika komanso voliyumu yamasika ndi yotsika, monga-zojambula zamtengo wapatali, zosonkhanitsidwa, kapena zolemba zomwe zimawerengedwa pa masikanila apadera. Pankhani ya commodity rfid anti-yopeka kuposa mayunitsi masauzande angapo pachaka, ilibe mtengo kapena mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito kuposa cryptographic UHF.

 

Koma pamapeto pake pali kudina- kusiyana kwa zolemba zambiri zomwe zadumpha: ndi chipangizo chanji cha UHF chomwe mumasankha chimatsimikizira ngati makinawo akukana kupangidwa, kapena amangowoneka ngati momwe amachitira. Ndiwo wosanjikiza pansi.

 

Dimension	UHF / RAIN (860–960 MHz)	HF (13.56 MHz)	NFC (13.56 MHz subset)	Chipless RFID
Kuwerengera komwe kumawerengedwa	1.5-3 m kutalika	~ 10cm	<4 cm	0.5-5 cm
Kutha kuwerenga kochuluka	Mazana pa sekondi iliyonse	Zochepa	Tagi imodzi panthawi	Mmodzi pa nthawi
Pa-mtengo wa tag pa voliyumu	$ 0.05-0.10 chigwa; $ 0.15-0.40 zojambula zachinsinsi	$0.08–0.25	$0.08–0.30	Yang'ono-$0.05 yosindikizidwa
Smartphone ya ogula imawerengedwa	Ayi (owerenga mwapadera)	Ayi	Inde, foni iliyonse ya NFC	Ayi
Yamphamvu mbadwa crypto	Inde, Gen2v2 + ISO/IEC 29167-11 (M775, UCODE DNA)	Inde	Inde (NTAG 424 DNA)	Zosalunjika (PUF-kalembedwe)
Ntchito yabwino yotsimikizira	Supplychain, nyumba yosungiramo katundu, ritelo kumbuyo-kwa-nyumba	Anatseka-kulowa kwa loop	Kutsimikizira kwa POS kwa ogula	Siginecha yake-yosafanana

 

 

Kodi RFID Anti-Malemba Abodza Angapangidwe?

 

Inde, ma tag omveka a UHF EPC amatha kupangidwa. Popanda{1}}-wowerenga mashelufu/wolemba, wowukira atha kukopera EPC UID yokhazikika pa chip yatsopano ndikuyenda ngati yabodza kudzera pamasikina omwewo omwe zinthu zenizeni zimagwiritsa ntchito. Magulu a maphunziro awonetsa kuukira mobwerezabwereza motsutsana ndi maunyolo a pharma (PLOS One, Kamaludin et al., 2018).

 

Umu ndi momwe anthu akupikisana nawo-ogulitsa zachitetezo amalimbikira, ndipo sanalakwitse pazoyambira. Mtundu womwe samanena kwambiri ndikuti makampani a chip adathetsa kale izi mu 2014-2022.

 

UCODE DNA ya NXP inali tagi yoyamba ya UHF IC kuphatikiza magwiridwe antchito aatali-ndi AES-128 cryptographic kutsimikizika kogwirizana ndi ISO/IEC 29167-10. Kuwerenga kulikonse kumayambitsa kuwerengera kwatsopano kwa AES kumangiriridwa ku kiyi yapadera pa tag, kotero kuti yankho lojambulidwa ndilosavomerezeka pakujambula kotsatira (RFID Journal yofotokoza za UCODE DNA). Impinj inatsatiridwa ndi M775, yomwe imathandizira lamulo la GS1 Gen2v2 Authenticate ndi ISO/IEC 29167-11 (Chidule cha Impinj M775). Pa pulojekiti iliyonse ya UHF rfid anti-yoyambika chaka cha 2023 chitatha, kusankha UID-yokha chip ndi chisankho chogula, osati malire aukadaulo.

 

Chifukwa chake vuto la cloning limathetsedwa pagawo la chip. Vuto la cloning lomwe liyenera kuda nkhawa ndi lomwe palibe amene akugulitsa: kusamutsa tag kovomerezeka. Wofalitsa wachinyengo amachotsa chizindikiro chenicheni, chobisika pachogulitsa chenicheni ndikuchiyika pachinyengo. Chizindikirocho ndi chenicheni. Crypto imatuluka. Kungosokoneza-mawonekedwe a gawo lapansi, mongazomangira zosalimba-zopindika ndi zowonongeka-zomanga, amateteza izi. Zalembedwa mu US Patent 10,664,734 komanso mu kafukufuku wa IET Blockchain (IET Blockchain, Wiley, 2024). Gulu lathu lochita malonda limayitanitsidwa pankhaniyi kawiri kapena katatu pachaka, nthawi zambiri malonda akapeza imvi-kubwerera kumalo osungira katundu a ogulitsa.

 

 

Kodi Ndi Chinthu Chotani-Level RFID Anti-Programme Yonyenga Imawononga Kwenikweni

 

Magulu ogula zinthu nthawi zambiri amafika pagawoli kaye. Tayiyika pamalo achisanu dala, chifukwa mtengo wa rfid anti{1}}proffeiting solution ndiwomveka ukangochepetsa kusankha kwa chip.

 

Pazinthu zonse zomwe tatumiza ku zovala, zodzoladzola, ndi ntchito zoteteza mtundu wa OEM electronics-, mtengo wake umawoneka motere. Zolembera zonyowa za UHF ndi zomata, zoyenera kutsekedwa-zosunga zinthu zotsekeka kuphatikiza ma UID ofunikira, zimafika pakati pa $0.05 ndi $0.10 payuniti iliyonse pa maoda opitilira miliyoni imodzi. Cryptographic UHF (M775, UCODE DNA) imakhala ndi $ 0.15 mpaka $ 0.40 pagawo lililonse pamavoliyumu ofanana, pomwe MOQ nthawi zambiri imakhala 100,000–500,000 kutengera banja la chip ndi kamangidwe ka tinyanga. NTAG 424 DNA ya wogula-tap NFC layer ili munjira yofanana ndi cryptographic UHF. Encoding, kuphatikiza kwa ERP kwa serialisation, zowerengera za owerenga, ndi ntchito yotsimikizira mtambo zimawonjezera gawo lina pamwamba.

 

Lamulo la matimu ogula zinthu: ngati mtengo wanu wogulitsa ukupitirira $15, chinthucho{1}}level rfid anti-chogwiritsa ntchito cryptographic UHF sichikhala pansi pa 2% ya mtengo wagawo. Pansi pa $ 15 kugulitsa masamu kumakhala kolimba pokhapokha mutagwiritsa ntchito UHF yoyambira ndikuyang'ana pa database, yomwe ili ndi vuto lopanga zomwe tangodutsamo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake -katundu wotsika kwambiri{8}}yotsika kwambiri nthawi zambiri sakhala ndi zinthu zachinyengo-zofikira RFID; amaphatikizana{10}}m'malo mwake. Pamitengo yapano pa{12}}pamitengo yonseUHF wonyowa, zomata, zodzikongoletsera-tag, ndi ndalama-tag SKUs, pempho lachitsanzo ndiye njira yachangu kwambiri yopita ku mawu enaake motsutsana ndi mawonekedwe anu.

 

Kumene RFID Anti-Kunyenga Kumagwirira Ntchito Kale

 

Njira zisanu zamakampani zimawonekera mobwerezabwereza m'magawo omwe tapereka, kapena{0}}zinalembedwa bwino m'manyuzipepala. Iwo amajambula paziganizo zosiyanasiyana zogulira zinthu.

 

Pazamankhwala, bungwe la WHO likuyerekeza kuti mankhwala amodzi mwa 10 aliwonse omwe ali m'madera otsika-ndi otsika kapena bodza, ndipo mu Meyi 2025WHO Medical Product Alert N digiri 3/2025 pa IMFINZI yonyenga (durvalumab) ku Iran ndi Türkiyekuthamangitsa kuthamangitsidwa kwatsopano. Mbale zabodza akuti zinalibe chogwiritsira ntchito. Izi zinatsatira kaleWHO Medical Product Alert N digiri 5/2024ku Armenia, Lebanon, ndi Türkiye. UHF on case-level shippers plus serialization pa unit{2}}dose level is the de facto rfid anti-counterfeiting architecture in pharma monga lamulo la DSCSA lakhwimitsa.

 

Vinyo ndi mizimu akhala gulu lazithunzi kuyambira koyambirira kwa 2010s. M'botolo-mapulogalamu a NFC omwe tapereka kwa makampani opanga vinyo ku Europe ndi APAC, makasitomala omwe ali ndi rfid anti{3}}akupanga malipoti abodza atsika ndi 80–90% pazabodza zotsimikizika panjira zoyendetsedwa bwino m'miyezi 18 yoyambirira, manambala ogwirizana ndi maphunziro a Tuscan omwe adasindikizidwa, komanso kuti DOG ikhoza kuyankhula mwachindunji ku Tuscan. mabotolo.

 

Katundu wachikopa wapamwamba wasinthira ku NFC + blockchain identity, kuphatikiza mapologalamu a SATO a APAC ndi nsanja ya Swiss collectID, pomwe ma tagi aliwonse amapanga{1}}uthenga wosaseweredwanso wojambulidwa pa{2}chain (Nkhani ya NFC Forum). Zida zamafashoni zidatenga njira ina: Luxottica anaika UHF RFID mumlatho wa magalasi ake kuti atsimikizire kugula pa intaneti-, zothandiza pa zinthu zomwe zobisika zobisika zimaposa chizindikiro chowonekera.

 

Zamagetsi ogula ndi zogwiritsidwa ntchito zikuwonetsa vuto lazachuma loyera kwambiri. Ma STMicroelectronics ophatikizidwa owerenga NFC m'matupi abrashi yamagetsi omwe amatsimikizira mitu ya burashi m'malo (STMicroelectronics NFC zogwiritsa ntchito zabodza). Chipangizo chothandizira ndichowerenga, kotero palibe kudalira kwa smartphone.

 

Ndondomeko m'magulu onse asanu: rfid anti-kutumiza zabodza zomwe zimapambana ndi zomwe zowerengera, gulu la chip, ndi gawo lapansi zidasankhidwa pamodzi poyambira. Kuphatikizika kwafupipafupi kapena kusagwirizana kwa gawo laling'ono miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito zotetezedwa-zidutse bajeti.

 

 

Njira Zisanu Zolephera Ogulitsa Ambiri Sadzatchula

 

Pambuyo pazaka pafupifupi makumi awiri zoperekera zida za RFID, nazi zovuta zotumizira zomwe zimabwera pazokambirana zamakasitomala nthawi zambiri kuposa momwe zimawonekera pazotsatsa.

 

Yoyamba ndi yovomerezeka tag kusamutsa, tatchula kale. Tchipisi za Cryptographic sizithandiza ngati tag yeniyeni yachotsedwa pa chinthu chenicheni ndikukakamira pabodza. Magawo osalimba komanso kusokoneza-mawonekedwe owoneka bwino ndi ofunika kwambiri monga kusankha kwa chip, chifukwa chakekusalimba-kulandira zilembo kwachulukakudutsa zapamwamba ndi pharma phukusi.

 

Wachiwiri kulephera akafuna ndi backend kusiyidwa. Ntchito yotsimikizira yapakati ndi gawo limodzi lolephera. Tawonapo zosachepera mapologalamu awiri apakati-ambiri afika mdima motere pakati pa 2020 ndi 2024. Zomangamanga zopanda intaneti-masiginecha otsimikizika kapena blockchain anchoring zikuyenda bwino ndi izi; Kufufuza koyera kwa database sikumatero.

 

Chachitatu, "timagwiritsa ntchito RFID" sizikutanthauza "tikukana kupanga cloning." Gawo lalikulu la ntchito zolembedwa kuti rfid anti-zonyenga mu 2024–2025 zimadalirabe UID + yofananira ndi database, matimu amaphunzirowa akhala akupanga kwa zaka khumi ndi zisanu. Funsani ogulitsa momveka bwino: kodi chip chimathandizira Gen2v2 Imatsimikizira ndi ISO/IEC 29167-10/11? Ngati sichoncho, zomwe mudagula ndi traceability, osati kutsimikizika.

 

Chachinayi, -kulephera kumamatira kwa unyolo. Poyesera m'malo osungiramo vinyo ndi kusungirako kuzizira kwamankhwala pansi pa −15 digirii , madzi{{3}zomatira za PSA zimataya pafupifupi 30–40% ya mphamvu ya bondi poyerekeza ndi chipinda chawo{6}}cha kutentha. Tasamutsa makasitomala m'malo amenewo kuzinthu zosungunulira{{8}zochokera ku acrylic kapena cryo-zovotera zomangamanga. {{11}lebulo yoletsa kupeka zinthu zabodza yomwe imalephera kuyenda sikhalanso yotsutsa{12}}zonyenga.

 

Chachisanu, ndipo ichi ndichothandiza m'malo mongolephera, ma tag enieni amasinthidwa pafupipafupi kuposa zabodza. E{{1}kafukufuku wa makolo amapeza kuti zinthu zenizeni zimawerengedwa pafupifupi 50% pafupipafupi, chifukwa zimadutsa poyang'ana zovomerezeka. Kuzindikira zolakwika m'mapulogalamu aliwonse amtundu wa rfid anti{4}wonyenga akhoza kutsamira kwambiri chizindikirochi, ngakhale kuti ndi ochepa okha omwe amatero.

 

Chifukwa chiyani EU DPP 2027 Ikusintha Masamu

 

Kuyambira mu February 2027, EU's Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) ikulamula Digital Product Passports zamabatire a mafakitale ndi EV, okhala ndi nsalu, zamagetsi, mipando, ndi magulu ena angapo kutsatira mpaka 2028-2030. Ma RFID ndi NFC onse ali m'gulu la zonyamula data zovomerezeka za DPP, zomwe zimayika ndalama zonse za rfid anti-zachinyengo pagawo limodzi. Makampani opanga ma chip akutumiza kale zinthu zomwe a DPP{5}}zikutsata, kuphatikizaMa tag a NXP a NFC opangidwira zofunikira za DPP.

 

Kugula zinthu kumatanthauza kuti pafupifupi palibe mtundu wa 2024–2025 RFID-nkhani yoteteza yomwe ikunena: pulogalamu ya rfid anti-yokupeka yomwe yakhazikitsidwa lero ndiyonso maziko a zofunikira za DPP zomwe zikubwera chaka chamawa. Ngati gulu lanu lili kale mu DPP, kuyendetsa pulogalamu ina ya DPP pambuyo poti ma tag odana ndi -akunamizira ayamba kupezeka, kuwirikiza mtengo wa zozindikiritsa zenizeni popanda malire owonjezera. Uwu ndiye mkangano wamphamvu kwambiri wosatsika{7}}wosamuka pano m'malo modikirira kuti taona zaka makumi awiri ndikugulitsa msikawu.

 

Mndandanda wa Zosankha Zogula za RFID Anti-Zonyenga

 

Mafunso asanu ndi atatu oti muyankhe ndi omwe akukhudzidwa nawo musanasaine ma tag. Ngati simungathe kuyankha atatu mwa iwo molimba mtima, pulojekiti ya rfid anti{1}}yonyenga sinakonzekerebe kugula.

 

#	Funso	Chifukwa chake zimasankha tag yanu
1	Mtengo wa retail ndi chiyani?	Pansi pa ~$15, chinthu chobisika{1}}chinthu cha UHF nthawi zambiri chimakhala chopanda chuma; batch to case-level
2	Ndani amawerenga tag: ndodo, wogawa, wogula, kapena onse atatu?	Imatsimikizira UHF vs NFC vs hybrid
3	Kodi chip chimathandizira Gen2v2 Kutsimikizira kapena ISO/IEC 29167-10/11?	Ngati ayi, dongosolo limakupatsani traceability, osati kutsimikizika
4	Kodi gawo lapansi limawononga pakuchotsa?	Ngati sichoncho, mumakumana ndi-ma tag ovomerezeka
5	Kodi chitsimikiziro chakumbuyo ndi chanu kapena SaaS ya ogulitsa?	Ngati wogulitsa ali, sankhani njira yolephera pomwe amatseka
6	Kodi malondawa alowa mu EU pambuyo pa Feb 2027?	Ngati inde, konzekerani kutsata kwa DPP kuyambira tsiku loyamba
7	Kodi chizindikirocho chili ndi chilengedwe chotani kuti chikhalepo?	Cold chain, autoclave, UV, and metal-adjacency all change inlay class; kusiya kuyesa benchi
8	Kodi ma encoding ndi kuthekera kwa ogulitsa{0}}kuyesa kale?	Kulephera kwa magawo nthawi zambiri kumabwerera ku-encoding QC; pemphani owerenga -kusakaniza lipoti la mayeso

 

Izi zikuphatikiza zisudzo zoyambira. Mafunso ovuta, monga gulu-mwachindunji MOQ malonda-kuchotsera, chip-njira zokweza mabanja m'zaka zisanu zikubwerazi, ndi zoyeserera{4}}zoyeserera zomwe timayendetsa sitima zonse za cryptographic UHF zisanatumizidwe, zimathetsedwa pakuwunikidwa, osati pamndandanda wokhazikika. Pempho laulere-likutsimikizira mafunso 7 ndi 8 motsutsana ndi malo anu enieni.

 

Kugwira ntchito ndi Syntek

 

Syntek yapanga zigawo za RFID ndi NFC kuyambira 2006: mizere isanu yopangira makina, antchito oposa 200, opitilira 100,000 chip{4}}ntchito zomangira tsiku lililonse pamalo ovomerezeka a 3,600 m² ISO 9001:2015 ku Hunan. Kutumiza kwapachaka kumaposa $3 miliyoni USD, ndipo ambiri amatumiza ku Europe, North America, Russia, ndi Middle East. Satifiketi ya CE ndi ICAR imaphimba zinthu zomwe zimafunikira.

 

Zomwe zikutanthawuza pa kugula-chitetezo chamtundu: timasindikiza ndi kuyesa{1}}kuyesa gulu lililonse la cryptographic UHF pamapulatifomu angapo owerenga tisanatumizidwe, timasunga zinthu zonse m'mawonekedwe anthawi zonse komanso osalimba-ndipo timatumiza zitsanzo zaulere kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti zitha kutsimikizika musanapereke ntchito. Pankhani iliyonse ya rfid anti-yogwiritsa ntchito zabodza, kugwiritsa ntchito zomatira, mtunda wowerengera, ndi kulimba kwa gawo lapansi ziyenera kuyesedwa m'malo anu enieni. ZathuUHF wet inlay, zomata, ndi zodzikongoletsera-zosiyanasiyana zama tagndiye poyambira mwachilengedwe pakuwunika ma tag; Zitsanzo zaulere zimatumiza mkati mwa sabata lofunsidwa.

Lumikizanani tsopano

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri