Kodi RFID Technology ndi chiyani?

Kodi RFID Technology ndi chiyani?

 

Mawonekedwe a RFID Technology

 

 

Ukadaulo wa Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), monga-njira yaukadaulo komanso yokhazikika pazidziwitso-panthawi yeniyeni, yolondola komanso yokonza zidziwitso, yalembedwa ngati imodzi mwamaukadaulo khumi apamwamba kwambiri azaka za zana la 21. Ukadaulo wa RFID umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana monga kupanga, kugulitsa, zonyamula katundu, ndi zoyendera popereka chizindikiritso chapadera komanso chothandiza cha zinthu zakuthupi (kuphatikiza zinthu zamalonda, zogulitsira, zotengera, zonyamula katundu, zida zopangira, ndi zina). Tekinoloje ya RFID pang'onopang'ono yakhala chida chofunikira kwambiri komanso njira zamabizinesi kuti apititse patsogolo kasamalidwe kazinthu, kuchepetsa ndalama, kukwaniritsa chidziwitso chowongolera mabizinesi, kutenga nawo gawo pazachuma padziko lonse lapansi, ndikupititsa patsogolo mpikisano. Kuwonjezeka kwa teknoloji ya RFID si chifukwa chakuti ndi teknoloji yatsopano, koma chifukwa chakuti lusoli lakula ndipo pang'onopang'ono linapeza mphamvu yopita ku ntchito zothandiza.

 

 

Ukadaulo wa RFID ndiukadaulo wodziwikiratu womwe udayamba m'ma 1990. Imagwiritsa ntchito maginito kapena ma elekitikitimu osalumikizana ndi-njira ziwiri-zolumikizana ndi mawayilesi kuti zikwaniritse cholinga chozindikiritsa ndikusinthana ma data. Imatha kuzindikira zinthu zothamanga kwambiri-ndipo nthawi imodzi imadziwira zinthu zingapo. Poyerekeza ndi njira zozindikiritsira zachikhalidwe, ukadaulo wa RFID umatha kumaliza kuyika ndi kukonza zidziwitso popanda kulumikizana mwachindunji, mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, kapena kulowererapo pamanja, kupangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yosavuta komanso yachangu. Ukatswiri wa RFID umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo ofunikira kusonkhanitsa ndi kukonza data, monga kupanga, kukonza, mayendedwe, chithandizo chamankhwala, zoletsa-kunamizira, kutsatira, zida, ndi kasamalidwe ka katundu, ndipo zimatengedwa ngati zolowa m'malo mwa malembo a barcode. Pali njira zingapo zodziwikiratu, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake ndi magawo ake, monga momwe tawonetsera mu Gulu 1-1.

 

 

Ubwino ndi mawonekedwe a RFID yodziwikiratu ikuwonekera makamaka muzinthu zotsatirazi.

 

Kusanthula Mwachangu

Barcode imodzi yokha ndi yomwe ingawunikidwe panthawi imodzi; wowerenga RFID / wolemba amatha kuzindikira ndikuwerenga ma tag angapo a RFID munthawi imodzi.

 

Miniaturization ndi Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana

RFID sichimaletsedwa ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe powerenga, ndipo sichifuna kukula kwa pepala lokhazikika ndi khalidwe losindikiza kuti muwerenge molondola. Kuphatikiza apo, ma tag a RFID amatha kupangidwa kukhala mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono komanso osiyanasiyana kuti agwiritse ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana.

 

Anti-Kuthekera kwa Kuipitsa ndi Kukhalitsa

Chonyamulira ma barcode achikhalidwe ndi mapepala, omwe amaipitsidwa mosavuta, koma RFID imakana kwambiri zinthu monga mafuta ndi mankhwala. Kuonjezera apo, popeza ma barcode amamangiriridwa ku matumba apulasitiki kapena mabokosi a kunja, amakhala ovuta kwambiri kuwonongeka; Ma tag a RFID amasunga deta mu chip, motero amapewa kuwonongeka.

 

 

Reusability

Ma barcode osindikizidwa pamatumba apulasitiki kapena mabokosi akunja sangasinthidwe pambuyo pake, pomwe ma tag a RFID amatha kuwonjezeredwa, kusinthidwa, ndi kuchotsedwa mobwerezabwereza. Zomwe zasungidwa m'ma tag a RFID zimathandizira zosintha zambiri.

 

Kuthekera ndi Kulepheretsa-Kuwerenga Kwaulere

Ikaphimba, RFID imatha kulowa-zachitsulo kapena{1}}zosaoneka bwino monga mapepala, matabwa, ndi pulasitiki, ndi kulankhulana mozama. Makanema a barcode amatha kuwerenga ma barcode akakhala pafupi ndipo palibe chomwe chingawaletse.

 

Mphamvu ya Memory Data

Kuchuluka kwa -dimensional barcode ndi 50B, ndipo ziwiri-dimensional barcode (PDF417 barcode) imatha kukhala ndi zilembo 1848 kapena zilembo 2729, pafupifupi zilembo 500 zaku China, pomwe kuchuluka kwa RFID kumatha kufika ma megabytes angapo. Ndi chitukuko cha zonyamulira kukumbukira, kuchuluka kwa data kumakhalanso pakukula kosalekeza. M'tsogolomu, kuchuluka kwa deta yomwe zinthu ziyenera kunyamula zidzawonjezeka, ndipo kufunikira kwa kuchuluka kwa malemba kudzawonjezeka moyenerera.

 

Chitetezo

RFID imanyamula zidziwitso zamagetsi, ndipo zomwe zili mu data zitha kutetezedwa ndi mawu achinsinsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupanga kapena kusintha. M'zaka zaposachedwa, RFID yakopa chidwi kwambiri chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake monga pafupi-kuwerenga komanso kuchuluka kwa malo osungira. Sizimangothandiza mabizinesi kupititsa patsogolo luso la kasamalidwe ka zidziwitso zonyamula katundu komanso zimathandizira kulumikizana kwamakampani ogulitsa ndi kupanga, potero kulandira zidziwitso zolondola, kuwongolera zidziwitso zomwe zikufunidwa, ndikuwongolera njira zonse zoperekera. Pa nsanja yogwirizana, ma tag a RFID atha kupereka chidziwitso chamayendedwe azinthu nthawi iliyonse pagulu lonse lazinthu zogulitsira, kupatsa chilichonse chidziwitso chilankhulo cholumikizirana. Kupyolera mu intaneti ya makompyuta, chizindikiritso chodziwikiratu ndi kusinthanitsa mauthenga ndi kugawana zinthu zingatheke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zisamayende bwino, kukwaniritsa tanthauzo lenileni la "Intaneti ya Zinthu".

 

 

Mbiri ya RFID ikhoza kufotokozedwa ngati "msilikali wakale, mawonekedwe atsopano." RFID siukadaulo-watsopano. Ntchito yake yoyamba inayamba mu Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse (1940s), komwe ntchito yake panthawiyo inkagwiritsidwa ntchito kusiyanitsa ndege za adani ndi ndege zaubwenzi. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, boma la US linasamutsa ukadaulo wa RFID kupita ku gulu la anthu wamba kudzera ku Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory. Kugwiritsa ntchito koyambirira kwaukadaulo wa RFID kunali pa ziweto. M'zaka za m'ma 1980, makampani angapo ku US ndi Europe adayamba kupanga ma tag a RFID. Pakadali pano, ukadaulo wa RFID wagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana, kuyambira pakuwongolera mwayi, kasamalidwe ka ziweto, kupita ku kasamalidwe kazinthu, ndipo mawonekedwe ake amatha kuwoneka paliponse. Mbiri yachitukuko chaukadaulo wa RFID ikuwonetsedwa mu Gulu 1-1.

 

Table 1-1 RFID Technology Development History

 

Nthawi	RFID Technology Development
1941-1950	Kuwongolera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito radar kunayambitsa ukadaulo wa RFID. Maziko ongoyerekeza aukadaulo wa RFID adakhazikitsidwa mu 1948. Gawo loyambirira laumisiri wa RFID linali makamaka mu gawo loyesera la labotale.
1951-1960	Chiphunzitso chaukadaulo cha RFID chinapangidwa, ndipo kuyesa kwina kwa ntchito kunayamba
1961-1970	Ukadaulo wa RFID ndi R&D zidali munthawi yachitukuko chachikulu, ndipo matekinoloje osiyanasiyana oyesa a RFID adapita patsogolo.
1971-1980	Zina mwamapulogalamu oyambilira a RFID adawonekera, zinthu za RFID zidalowa mugawo lazamalonda, ndipo machitidwe osiyanasiyana otsekedwa adayamba kutuluka.
1981-1990	Kukhazikika kwaukadaulo wa RFID kudalandira chidwi, ndipo zinthu zidalandiridwa kwambiri
1991-2000	Nkhani zokhazikika zidagogomezedwa kwambiri, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu za RFID idakula kwambiri
2001 mpaka Present	Active electronic tags, passive electronic tags, ndi semi{0}passive electronic tags zonse zapangidwa, ndipo mtengo wa ma tag apakompyuta ukutsikabe.

 

Kuchokera pamalingaliro amagulu, patatha zaka zambiri zachitukuko, ukadaulo wa RFID pansi pa 13.56MHz ndiwokhwima. Pakadali pano, makampaniwa amayang'ana kwambiri zaukadaulo wapakati-mpaka{3}}panthawi yayitali ya RFID, makamaka-uukadaulo wautali wa RFID mu 860-960MHz (UHF band), yomwe ikukula mwachangu kwambiri. Komabe, magulu a 2.45GHz ndi 5.8GHz akadali mu gawo lofufuzira ndikugwiritsa ntchito chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwazinthu, kutha kusokoneza, komanso ukadaulo wovuta.