Kodi RFID Data Security ndi chiyani?
Dec 10, 2025
Siyani uthenga
Kodi RFID Data Security ndi chiyani?
Chaka chatha kasitomala anatiyimbira, wokwiya. Makhadi awo owongolera mwayi wofikira anali "atabedwa." Zikuoneka kuti anali akuyendetsa makhadi oyandikira a 125kHz kuyambira zaka khumi zapitazo. Winawake anadutsa wogwira ntchito m'sitima yapansi panthaka ndi foni-ndi chipangizo chaching'ono, ndipo m'maŵa wotsatira, malo awo osungiramo katundu adafikiridwa ndi anthu osadziwika pogwiritsa ntchito khadi lopangidwa.
Takhala tikupanga zinthu za RFID ku SYNTEK kwa zaka pafupifupi 20. Nkhani ngati izi sizichitika kawirikawiri. Tawona makampani amawononga mamiliyoni pamakina otsatirira katundu, koma adazindikira kuti wowerenga $ 30 kuchokera ku AliExpress akhoza kulembanso ma tag awo. Tawonapo kachitidwe ka opezekapo akuseweredwa ndi makhadi obwereza-nambala yofanana yamakhadi ikuwonekera m'mizinda itatu yosiyana nthawi imodzi.
"RFID data chitetezo chimamveka chovuta, koma vuto lalikulu ndi losavuta: zizindikiro zopanda zingwe zimatha kulumikizidwa. Gawo lachinyengo? Ogula ambiri sadziwa kuti akupeza chitetezo chotani."
Nazi chinthu chomwe palibe amene amachikamba
RFID ndi makina opanda zingwe otseguka. Tagi yanu ndi owerenga amalumikizana kudzera pa mafunde a wailesi. Aliyense amene ali ndi zida zoyenera akhoza kumvetsera.
Kulankhulana popanda mawaya kumachitika panja, kupangitsa kuti kulumikizana kutheke popanda kukhudzana.
Vuto lidayamba msanga. Pamene opanga adapanga tchipisi choyamba, adangoyang'ana "kodi tingawerenge?" osati "tikuloleni kuti muwerenge?" Ma chips ambiri ali ndi ziro zotsimikizika. Owerenga akufunsa kuti "ndinu ndani?" ndipo chizindikirocho chimango… amayankha. Zilibe kanthu ngati ndi chida chovomerezeka kapena munthu wina yemwe ali ndi Proxmark mchikwama chake.
Tangoganizani mukuyenda mumsewu ndikulengeza mokweza nambala yanu yachitetezo kwa aliyense amene akufunsani. Umu ndi momwe makadi ambiri a RFID amagwirira ntchito.
Chifukwa chiyani makadi a 125kHz ndi nthabwala zachitetezo
Izi ndi zomwe makampani satsatsa malonda: makadi ambiri ofikira omwe akugwiritsidwabe ntchito masiku ano amayendetsedwa ndiukadaulo wazaka za m'ma 1990.
Makhadiwa amagwira ntchito pa 125kHz. Chip chitsanzo nthawi zambiri EM4100 kapena TK4100. Kodi zimagwira ntchito bwanji? Yambani, ID yowulutsa, yachitika. Palibe kubisa. Palibe kutsimikizika. Nambala yokhazikika yokha yosungidwa pa chip.
Mtengo wopangira umodzi? Mwina $20 kwa owerenga-wolemba ku Amazon, $5 ina pamakhadi opanda kanthu. Mphindi zitatu za ntchito.
Makasitomala nthawi zina amatifunsa kuti: "Kodi mutha kupanga khadi yobisika ya 125kHz?"
Yankho lalifupi: ayi. Protocol yokhayo sigwirizana ndi chitetezo chachikulu. Mukufuna chitetezo, mumasunthira ku 13.56MHz high frequency kapena UHF, yokhala ndi tchipisi ngati MIFARE DESFire kapena ICODE DNA yomwe imathandizira kubisa kwa AES.
Kodi kuukira kumawoneka bwanji
Kutengera zokambirana ndi makasitomala athu, apa ndi pomwe chitetezo cha RFID chimalephera kuchita:
Kupanga makhadi
Wowukirayo sakufunika kukhudza khadi yanu. Wowerenga wochuluka-wopindula kwambiri wobisika m'thumba la messenger, masekondi pang'ono atayima kumbuyo kwanu mu elevator kapena pamzere wa nkhomaliro{2}}ndizokwanira kutenga deta. Lembani ku khadi yopanda kanthu, ndipo tsopano ali ndi mwayi wofikira.
Kampani ina yoyang'anira malo inatiuza za kusokonekera kwa kangapo-panyumba zawo zogona. Posakhalitsa apolisi adapeza kuti wakubayo akupanga makadi ofikira okhala. Zolemba zolowera mnyumbayi? Onse anasonyeza manambala a makadi a anthu amene anazunzidwawo. Palibe tsatanetsatane wa wolowerera.
Kusokoneza deta
Ngati makina anu a RFID amatsata zinthu kapena katundu, ma tag amasunga zidziwitso zenizeni, osati ma ID okha. Ndi pamene zinthu zimafika poipa.
Ma tag olembedwa amapangidwa kuti azisintha-zinthu zothandiza. Koma popanda chitetezo cholembera, aliyense akhoza kusintha. Wina mu chain chain amasintha "standard grade" kukhala "premium" pa tag data, kapena amakankhira patsogolo tsiku lopanga pofika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Zimachitika.
Seweraninso kuukira
Uyu ndi wozembera. Wowukirayo safunikira kubisa chilichonse. Amangojambulitsa zokambirana pakati pa tag yanu ndi owerenga, kenako aziseweranso pambuyo pake.
Ganizirani izi motere: mumasuntha khadi yanu kuti mutsegule chitseko, ndipo wina wapafupi amajambula mawayilesi onsewo. Nthawi ina, amaloza chipangizo chawo kwa owerenga ndikugunda play. Chitseko chikutseguka. Owerenga akuganiza kuti tangowonanso khadi lanu.
Kuti izi zitheke, makina amafunikira zovuta-zotsatira zoyankhira{1}}makamaka-ma passwords nthawi imodzi. Kutsimikizika kulikonse ndi kosiyana, kotero zojambulira zimakhala zopanda ntchito.
Mtengo ndi chitetezo tradeoff (ndi chifukwa chake sizolunjika)
Makasitomala amatifunsa nthawi zonse: kodi tchipisi tokwera mtengo zikutanthauza chitetezo chabwinoko?
Pafupifupi inde, koma si mzere.
| Chip Type | Pafupifupi Mtengo | Mkhalidwe Wotetezedwa |
|---|---|---|
| 125kHz EM4100 | $0.10 | Palibe |
| 13.56MHz MIFARE Classic | ~$0.40 | Kusokoneza (2008) |
| MIFARE DESFRE EV3 | $1-2 | AES-128 / High |
Khadi la 125kHz EM4100 litha kuwononga $0.10. Yendetsani mpaka 13.56MHz MIFARE Classic, ndipo mwina muli pa $ 0.40-koma chitetezo sichili bwinoko (kubisa kwa chipko kudasokonekera mu 2008). Pitani ku MIFARE DESFire EV3 yokhala ndi AES-128 ndikutsimikizirana, mukuyang'ana $1-2 pa khadi, koma palibe zodziwika bwino zapagulu zomwe zilipo.
Funso ndilakuti: kodi mukufunikiradi mlingo umenewo?
Ngati mukutsatira ma wrenches mufakitale, kutaya imodzi kumatanthauza kuyitanitsa ina. Ngati mukuyang'anira mwayi wopita ku banki, khadi yojambulidwa imatanthauza china chosiyana kwambiri.
Malangizo athu kwa makasitomala: yambani ndi "chovuta kwambiri ndi chiyani ngati izi zisokonezedwa?" kenako gwirani chammbuyo. Theka la nthawi sivuto laukadaulo, ndi vuto la kuzindikira.
Zomwe mungachite popanda kusintha chilichonse
Nthawi zina pamafunika ma tag otchipa-zovala zapamanja za zochitika,-zolemba zolembedwa bwino kwambiri. Tchipisi za Premium pachilichonse sizowona. Koma muli ndi zosankha zina:
Chepetsani kuwerenga
Kuwerenga kwakutali sikumakhala bwino nthawi zonse. NFC idapangidwa kuti ikhale ma centimita ochepa-muyenera kukhudza owerenga. Zimapangitsa skimming yakutali kukhala yovuta kwambiri.
Makasitomala ena-achitetezo apamwamba omwe timagwira nawo ntchito zowerengera m'nyumba zotsekeredwa. Khadi liyenera kuyikidwa kwathunthu kuti mulembetse. Amatchinga kuukira kwapambali-chanelo.
RFID chitetezo
Faraday khola mfundo. Mangirirani chilembocho muzinthu zowongolera, mafunde a wailesi sangathe kulowa kapena kutuluka. Izi ndi zomwe RFID-otchinga manja ndi ma wallet amachita. Timapanganso zinthu zoteteza{4}onani gawo la "RFID Signal Blocker" patsamba lathu.
Mukapanda kugwiritsa ntchito khadi, imakhala m'manja. Palibe amene angawone. Mukachifuna, chotsani. Zosavuta, zothandiza, zotsika mtengo.
Lekanitsa ID ku data
Njira ina: sungani ID yokha, yopanda tanthauzo pa tag. Sungani zenizeni zenizeni mu database yanu yakumbuyo. Ngakhale wina atapanga tag, amapeza chingwe chopanda ntchito. Popanda kufananiza zolemba zakumbuyo, ndi zinyalala.
Izi zimasintha chiwopsezo kuchoka pa tag kupita ku seva yanu. Koma imapangitsa kuti mtengo ukhale wotsika.
Kutsimikizika kogwirizana-koyenera kumvetsetsa
Yankho lomwe latchulidwa kale-loyankha. Ndiloleni ndiwonjezere pa izi chifukwa nthawi zambiri sizimveka.
Kutsimikizira kwachikhalidwe kwa RFID ndi njira imodzi-: owerenga amatsimikizira tagi. Koma -mapulogalamu achitetezo amafunikira-njira ziwiri zotsimikizika{4}}chitsimikizocho chimatsimikiziranso kuti owerenga ndi ovomerezeka.
Nayi mayendedwe:
Wowerenga amatumiza tag nambala yachisawawa (zovuta)
Tag imayendetsa nambalayo kudzera mu kiyi yake yamkati, imatumizanso zotsatira
Owerenga amawerengera chimodzimodzi ndi kiyi yomweyo, kuyerekeza
Kenako tag imatumiza owerenga nambala mwachisawawa
Owerenga amawerengera, kutumizanso, tag imatsimikizira
Mbali zonse ziwiri ziyenera kudutsa musanayambe kusinthana kulikonse kwa deta. Zikutanthauza kuti wowerenga wabodza sangathe kunyenga ma tag kuti apereke zambiri.
MIFARE DESFire imathandizira izi. Ndikofunikira kwambiri pantchito iliyonse yomwe timachita ndi mabanki kapena mabungwe aboma.
Zinthu zothandiza musanapite
1. Dziwani zomwe mukuchita pano
Makampani ambiri ali ndi machitidwe a RFID omwe adayikidwa ndi munthu yemwe adachoka zaka zapitazo. Masiku ano IT silidziwa zomwe zayikidwa. Pezani zambiri kuchokera kwa ogulitsa anu, -osachepera, dziwani ma frequency ndi mtundu wa chip.
2. Chepetsani vuto lanu lalikulu
Ngati makhadi anu olowa nawo apangidwa, ndiye kuwonongeka kotani? Ngati ma tag a inventory asokonezedwa, mawonekedwe ake ndi otani? Ikani nambala pa izo. Kenako sankhani ngati kukweza kuli koyenera.
3. Sanjikani chitetezo chanu
Sikuti zonse zimafunikira chitetezo chokwanira. Mabaji anthawi zonse amatha kukhala ndi-tier chips. Zipinda za seva ndi zitseko zamaofesi azachuma zimakhala ndi chitetezo chambiri-. Ma tag a Warehouse Logistics amatha kukhala otsika mtengo ndi kutsimikizira kwa backend.
4. Yendetsani pafupipafupi
RFID sinakhazikitsidwe-ndi-kuyiwala. Yang'anani malo olowa kuti muwone zolakwika. Khadi lomwelo likuwonekera m'malo awiri nthawi imodzi. Pambuyo pa-maola oyeserera. Zitsanzo zosamveka.
5. Konzani zokweza
Ngati bajeti ili yocheperako ndipo mukuyenda ndi-yankho lapakati, sankhani kamangidwe kamene kangakuthandizeni kukonzanso mtsogolo. Osadzitsekera m'makina otsekedwa omwe amafunikira kusinthidwa kwathunthu m'zaka zitatu.
Mafunso? Takhala tikuchita izi pafupifupi zaka makumi awiri ku SYNTEK. Mwawona mitundu yolephera kuposa momwe mungayembekezere. Kaya mukungonena za makina atsopano kapena mukuwunika yomwe ilipo, okondwa kuyankhula.
Tumizani kufufuza